To authorize the establishment of a Centennial Challenge Prize Program at the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.

H.R. 5385 would authorize NASA to establish the Centennial Challenges program, which offers cash prizes to non-government groups and individuals for achieving specific technical milestones in aerospace technology. By shifting from traditional contracts to a prize-based model, the bill aims to encourage private citizens, small businesses, and universities to develop innovative solutions for space exploration and aeronautics. This program is designed to lower the cost of space technology and accelerate breakthroughs by only paying for successful results rather than the research process itself.