Qualified Immunity Act of 2025

This bill would establish statutory authority for qualified immunity, a legal doctrine that shields law enforcement officers from civil lawsuits for constitutional violations under certain conditions. Currently, courts apply qualified immunity through judicial precedent, but this bill would codify it into law. Under the proposed legislation, federal, state, and local law enforcement officers would be protected from liability if, at the time of their actions, the constitutional right in question was not clearly established or if a court has determined the specific conduct was constitutional.

If enacted, the bill would make it more difficult for citizens to successfully sue police officers for alleged rights violations. It would also protect law enforcement agencies and local governments from liability when their officers are shielded by qualified immunity. The bill is currently in committee and has not yet been voted on by the full House. Supporters argue it provides necessary legal clarity and protection for officers performing their duties, while critics contend it limits accountability for government misconduct and restricts citizens' ability to seek damages for constitutional violations.